How do cookies differ from local storage and session storage?
How do cookies differ from local storage and session storage?
233
10-Mar-2025
Updated on 17-Mar-2025
Khushi Singh
17-Mar-2025Browser data storage functions such as cookies and local storage together with session storage maintain different features which determine their ability to store information as well as expiration times and data accessibility and their intended applications.
The server receives small data files known as cookies through HTTP requests that users store on their devices. Web storage mechanisms support data storage amounts of 4KB while also allowing specifications for expiration dates to determine persistence or temporage. User sessions need cookies to function while two other essential applications include authentication alongside behavior tracking between multiple website visits. Every time a cookie accompanies HTTP requests it affects website speed and creates security dangers particularly through cross-site scripting (XSS) and cross-site request forgery (CSRF).
The browser offers users an option to store data within its storage system where information remains available even though the browser window is shut down. Local storage provides 5MB domain storage capacity that exceeds cookies while it stays in storage until deliberate user action or JavaScript clearing. The server receives no data from local storage on every request which makes this storage method better at managing user preferences and other persistent data types which are not sensitive. JavaScript provides the sole method for accessing this storage system however server applications cannot use it for session maintenance.
Local storage shares many features with session storage except its design purpose which focuses on temporary data storage. All data stored to session storage becomes inaccessible when a page session ends because the browser automatically clears this data when you close your browser tab or window. Similar to local storage it has identical storage capabilities yet exists to keep non sustainable data active for one software session which includes form data and application temporary states.